Indonesia has enormous resources of renewable energy spreading throughout the country. As part of its commitment to Paris Agreement, Indonesia has pledged to increase its renewable energy share up to 23% in the energy mix by 2025 and up to 31% by 2050. Yet, penetration of renewables as a clean energy source in the country remains limited and fall far below the target. As challenges in devel…
This policy paper examines the role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) in supporting Indonesia's target of 19–23% renewable energy mix by 2030 and its Net Zero Emission (NZE) 2060 commitment. The study highlights that Indonesia's energy transition progress remains below target, with renewable energy reaching only 16% by September 2025, due to fragmented domestic policies and MoFA's lim…