The principle of reciprocity serves as the guiding principle in diplomatic relations, including those involving socio-cultural affairs. Japan is one of the few countries with schools in Indonesia, and vice versa. However, there is a difference between the treatment of Indonesian teachers in Japan and Japanese teachers in Indonesia in terms of the facilitation of ID Card, which is critical for …
Every organization produces data, information and knowledge on a daily basis. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) of the Republic of Indonesia as the government institution in charge of foreign policy gathers and processes a tremendous amount of information daily. In addition to data and information, MoFA also produces knowledge and know-how through diplomatic and policy making practice. The…
This paper examines pre-diplomatic assignment training for Indonesian foreign service officers and proposes ideas for improvement. Referring to the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, the functions of a diplomatic mission include representation, protection, negotiation, and reporting; several countries, including Indonesia, add the function of managing the mission’s internal affai…
The Renaissance is the fifth volume of Will Durant's monumental series, The Story of Civilization. This work presents a comprehensive history of the revival of art, culture, philosophy, and politics in Italy from 1304 to 1576 AD. Durant describes great figures such as Petrarch, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and the development of important cities such as Florence, Venice, and Rome. With a ri…
Ensiklopedi Indonesia merupakan ensiklopedia umum berbahasa Indonesia yang memuat berbagai entri mengenai ilmu pengetahuan, tokoh, tempat, peristiwa, dan istilah penting yang berkaitan dengan Indonesia maupun dunia. Disusun oleh Hassan Shadily beserta tim redaksi, buku ini menjadi salah satu karya rujukan terbesar di Indonesia pada masanya. Jilid 4 mencakup entri dari huruf KOM sampai OZO.
New Zealand Foreign Policy: Statements and Documents, 1943–1957 is an official compilation issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, presenting key policy statements, diplomatic correspondence, and government positions during a critical period of New Zealand’s international engagement. Covering the years from World War II through early Cold War developments, the volume provides insight int…
Apartheid and the Homelands in South Africa: A New Zealander’s View presents an external and independent perspective on the apartheid system and the creation of “homelands” (Bantustans) in South Africa. Written from the viewpoint of a New Zealand observer, the book analyzes how apartheid policies shaped racial segregation, political control, and socio-economic inequality. It examines the …
Over the past forty years there has been a revolution in South African historiography, yet no broadly interpretative essay on South African history has appeared. The essays in this volume aim to provide such a reinterpretation for the nineteenth century before the discovery of minerals transformed the nature of South African societies, and help to shed light on earlier phases of South Africa's …
Over the past forty years there has been a revolution in South African historiography, yet no broadly interpretative essay on South African history has appeared. The essays in this volume aim to provide such a reinterpretation for the nineteenth century before the discovery of minerals transformed the nature of South African societies, and help to shed light on earlier phases of South Africa's …