In 2020, Indonesia introduced a digital services tax (DST) to increase state revenue by taxing multinational digital companies operating in Indonesia. However, the policy faced challenges from the United States, including potential retaliatory tariffs that could affect bilateral trade. This paper argues that the DST should be addressed through economic diplomacy, considering its broader implica…
This paper examines how the People's Republic of China (PRC) manages the Xinjiang issue through diplomatic means to protect its sovereignty, serving as a case study for Indonesia in addressing the Papua separatism issue, which also faces internationalization efforts and human rights violation allegations. Aligned with Indonesia's Diplomacy Priorities 2019–2024 (4+1 Priorities) placing soverei…
Modern diplomacy is undergoing significant changes due to digitalization, globalization, new diplomatic actors, and increasing public involvement. These developments require the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kemlu) to improve its human resource management, including recruitment, training, and career development. However, existing bureaucratic reforms have not fully addressed the chall…
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Indonesia (MoFA) has implemented gender mainstreaming policies to promote gender equality and justice in the workplace. However, systematic evaluation of these policies remains limited. This paper develops a Gender Equality Indicator (GEI) to assess workplace gender equality in areas such as education, career advancement, equal pay, representation, sexual hara…
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Indonesia (MoFA) participated in 37 National Project Priorities (NPPs) between 2018 and 2021, covering issues such as border security, citizen protection, and international cooperation. Its participation in multilateral initiatives has contributed to maintaining peace, strengthening international law, and promoting cooperation. However, implementation has not …
Globalization has increased the importance of public participation in international relations and diplomacy. Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) established a Directorate of Public Diplomacy in 2004 to engage domestic and international audiences. However, limited budgets, shifting priorities, and insufficient engagement with the domestic public have reduced the effectiveness of its…
Foreign language proficiency is essential for effective diplomacy, as diplomats must communicate and convey messages accurately in different linguistic and cultural contexts. However, many Indonesian diplomats primarily speak English, which may limit their effectiveness in non-English-speaking countries. This paper examines the language training efforts of Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affa…
The advancement of technology and communication platforms has increased the importance of visual communication in diplomacy. However, Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs lacks consistent visual identity guidelines, despite the importance of design in shaping public perception. An internal survey revealed that 90% of respondents considered design quality important, while 88% believed the M…
This study examines the role of the Peduli WNI Portal in improving the protection and public services for Indonesian citizens abroad, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The portal integrates information and protection systems to strengthen data management, facilitate public services, and support coordination among relevant stakeholders. Using SWOT analysis and management principles, thi…
This paper argues that the Indonesian government needs to adjust its defence strategy in line with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), the cornerstone of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime for over fifty years. However, despite the NPT's three pillars of preventing proliferation, promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy and disarmament, its credibility is …