The International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines sexual harassment as a sex-based behaviour that is unwelcome and offensive to the recipient. For sexual harassment to exist, the two previous conditions must be present. Sexual harassment can happen anywhere in the workplace or even away from the workplace but resulting from work. Both the victim and the workplace will bear the brunt of sexual…
The growing complexity of international negotiations requires Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA RI) to strengthen its institutional capacity through technical expertise, knowledge management, and inter-agency coordination. Although Indonesia possesses experienced diplomats and established training systems, these strengths need to be integrated into a unified negotiation capability…
As part of the efforts to strengthen national health resilience, and to ensure fair and equitable global access to vaccines, Indonesia has expressed its interest to become the WHO vaccine hub. This vaccine hub is an mRNA vaccine technology transfer facility covering the Asia region. However, the road to become WHO vaccine hub is not easy. Indonesia is lack of mRNA vaccine infrastructure. Indon…
The implementation of performance-based policies and public accountability is essential to improving the institutional performance of Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA), as outlined in its 2020–2024 Strategic Plan. Focusing on the infrastructure of diplomacy within the framework of the 4+1 foreign policy priorities, this paper examines the relevance of MoFA Indonesia’s organiz…
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) aims to reduce the risk of carbon leakage. CBAM works beyond borders by imposing a tax on imported goods from third countries if their CO2 emission standards are lower than those in the EU. CBAM has the potential to reduce the competitiveness of Indonesian products in the EU due to the added carbon tax. Against these risks, Indonesia i.e. Kemlu RI shoul…
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to global border management, prompting states to implement border controls to contain the spread of the virus and address emerging cross-border challenges. In Indonesia, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs plays a coordinating role in border diplomacy by guiding relevant ministries and agencies in addressing border-related issues. However, the e…
Indonesian migrant workers employed in the domestic sector in Saudi Arabia face various workplace challenges, including exploitation associated with the kafala system. Indonesian diplomatic missions in Riyadh and Jeddah have undertaken efforts to address cases involving Indonesian migrant workers through direct diplomatic engagement with relevant Saudi Arabian authorities. However, these effort…
The Republic of Malta is a strategically located archipelagic country in the Mediterranean Sea, where Indonesian citizens, particularly seafarers, face various challenges, including unfair treatment and legal problems. As of October 2021, 344 Indonesian citizens were officially recorded in Malta, although the actual number may be higher due to the mobility of seafarers. Strengthening the protec…
ASEAN’s human rights architecture faces a credibility gap between its formal mandate and its practical capacity to provide protection at the regional level. Although the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) is mandated under the ASEAN Charter to promote and protect human rights, its activities remain predominantly promotional and consultative, with limited capacity to pe…
Indonesia’s plan to elevate its Strategic Partnership with France to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP) presents an opportunity to strengthen bilateral cooperation amid growing geopolitical uncertainty. Although both countries share converging strategic interests and complementary capabilities, existing cooperation has yet to deliver balanced outcomes in trade, technology, and defenc…