This paper proposes outbound food investment—acquiring equity stakes in overseas agricultural production and supply-chain infrastructure—as an essential complement to Indonesia's domestic food security strategies. Current import dependencies of 100% in wheat, 90% in soybeans, 80% in dairy, and 40% in beef leave the country acutely exposed to geopolitical supply disruptions that food estates…
A data-driven analytical tool can strengthen economic diplomacy in supporting national industrialization by identifying strategic international partners and investment opportunities. An integrated framework combining quantitative global trade analysis with qualitative country profiling can assess industrial inputs, domestic capabilities, business actors, geopolitical risks, and partnership pote…
Critical minerals have become strategic resources in the global transition to green technologies, while geopolitical tensions and fragmented supply chains create new challenges for mineral-producing countries. Indonesia can strengthen its critical minerals diplomacy by diversifying strategic partnerships, engaging BRICS and the New Development Bank, and promoting inclusive and sustainable miner…
Strategic ESG alignment can strengthen investment diversification and geopolitical positioning in the critical minerals sector. Aligning domestic ESG practices with international standards can improve market credibility, attract investment beyond traditional sources, and support sustainable mineral downstreaming. A phased approach to ESG compliance, supported by appropriate incentives and stron…
Development cooperation with the Caribbean can strengthen diplomatic influence, economic engagement, and long-term strategic partnerships. Current engagement remains fragmented and requires a more focused regional strategy based on trust, mutual respect, and shared development interests. A Caribbean-specific cooperation framework can align development programs with regional needs, improve polic…
Indonesia can integrate public-private partnerships (PPP) into its development assistance to strengthen economic diplomacy and diversify development financing. By mobilizing private-sector resources, PPP can support Indonesian exports, investment, and development cooperation while reducing dependence on public funding. Establishing a PPP platform can coordinate government and private-sector par…
This study examines the role of the Comprehensive Strategic Dialogue (CSD) Secretariat in supporting the realization of Chinese investments in Indonesia and strengthening economic diplomacy. The establishment of the CSD in April 2025—replacing the High-Level Dialogue and Cooperation Mechanism (HDCM) and the Joint Commission for Bilateral Cooperation (JCBC)—created a need for a dedicated sec…
Capacity building and technology transfer (CBTT) can strengthen Indonesia’s economic diplomacy in the ocean and climate sectors. As the world’s largest archipelagic country, Indonesia faces significant environmental vulnerabilities while possessing substantial maritime resources. However, CBTT cooperation remains fragmented across government institutions, limiting coordination and Indonesia…
critical minerals policy plays a strategic role in advancing value-added industries and strengthening its position in the global clean energy transition. As global demand for electric vehicle batteries and critical minerals increases, Indonesia can leverage its reserves of nickel, tin, bauxite, and copper through downstream processing. While this policy has supported industrial development, emp…
Indonesia’s Ayam Cemani offers significant potential to strengthen the country’s economic presence and diversify its premium exports. Despite growing global demand, its genetic heritage and market potential remain insufficiently protected and developed. This paper proposes a strategic diplomatic role for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in promoting Ayam Cemani as a premium Indonesian produc…