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The Making of India's foreign policy : The Indian national congress and world affairs, 1885-1947
India's foreign policy has a historical background which has not so far been systematically studied. The Indian National Congress, the main organization that carried the struggle for national freedom, showed interest in questions of foreign policy right from its birth in 1885. This interest, at first limited, grew with the broadening of its general political outlook. Gradually, certain principles on foreign policy and certain ways of looking at world affairs evolved
These became the foundations of India's foreign policy when she emerged as a free country on 15 August, 1947, and form the subject of the present study. The importance of this subject is further underlined by the role of Jawaharlal Nehru. As India's Prime Minister and Minister for External Affairs he was the chief architect of her foreign policy; earlier he had also been largely responsible for shaping the Congress outlook on world affairs from 1927 onwards.
The Nehru Legacy in India's Foreign Policy has been continuing to guide India's foreign policy to a large extent even after the passing away of Nehru. Hence a study of the evolution of Indian foreign policy during the period of struggle for independence will, it is hoped, also deepen our understanding of India's foreign policy today.
Nothing is stationary in this world, certainly not foreign policy. It changes according to circumstances and conceptions of national interests. But our understanding of every phenomenon is improved by a study of its antecedents. This is part of the justification of all historical writing. This is also the assumption behind the present study. We shall be able to understand India's foreign policy better if we are familiar with the attitude of the Indian National Congress towards world affairs between 1885 and 1947.
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