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Foreign policy factor in Indonesia’s defence acquisition decision making process
Indonesia’s adoption of the Free and Active foreign policy doctrine in 1948 entails the need to maintain strategic autonomy, especially within the development of its defence capabilities. The US and its allies' military embargo during the 1990s period is an expensive lesson learned for Indonesia in its efforts to maintain independency. In this regard, this paper suggested that to maintain independency, avoid the entanglement of foreign policy and threats of embargo, decisions on defence instrument acquisition should be based on a foreign policy consideration to enhance Indonesia’s strategic autonomy.
Analysis conducted in this paper has outlined at least two main problems within this spectrum, which include 1). The lack of room for MOFA to be involved in Indonesia's defence acquisition decision-making process, as demonstrated by the lack of implementation of Law No 16/2012 on Defence Industry and the current development of the Committee of Defence Industry Policy Committee (KKIP), and 2). Heavy reliance on the US and its allies in the development of Indonesia's Fighter Jet fleet. Furthermore, the study cases of the KFX/IFX Joint Development programme and the CAATSA sanction have also highlighted the need for further MOFA involvement in this matter.
Towards this goal, this policy paper recommends a three-pronged approach through the development of an internal policy-making tool to promote a grand strategy for defence acquisition; intra-governmental engagement through MOFA’s further involvement within KKIP and the promotion of a legal basis for foreign policy determinants within the defence acquisition process, and; the development of external engagement strategy through a 2+2 approach for source countries.
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