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Management of Indonesian diaspora: Policy options for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
This paper examines Indonesia's need to develop comprehensive diaspora management, noting that Indonesia is the eleventh largest country with approximately 4.5–8 million diaspora population worldwide (based on 2019 data from UN DESA and Indonesia Diaspora Network Global), yet lacks a comprehensive plan to manage its diaspora abroad. Case studies from India, China, and Turkey affirm that diaspora holds significant potential for political, economic, and socio-cultural purposes, with many countries establishing high-level diaspora institutions such as offices under the Prime Minister or ministerial level. Reflecting on these case studies, the paper proposes that diaspora management in Indonesia should start from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), as it is equipped with the right infrastructure and mandated for foreign policy conduct. Two policy options are offered: (1) creating quasi-diaspora-institutions within MOFA, and (2) establishing a new diaspora institution at the 2nd echelon level in MOFA to manage the diaspora more structurally and in alignment with national vision and purpose.
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