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The loophole of the protection in the individual Scheme of Indonesian Specified Skilled Workers (SSW) in Japan
This paper examines protection gaps faced by Indonesian Specified Skilled Workers (SSW) in Japan under the individual sending scheme, despite the bilateral cooperation established in 2019 and a significant increase to 69,537 workers as of June 2025. Analysis using systems thinking and design thinking identifies key weaknesses: lack of worker awareness regarding mortality and health insurance, limited knowledge of proper procedures, and involvement of illegal brokers. Two policy options are assessed: (i) adjusting the individual scheme to focus on a private-to-private sending mechanism through Indonesian Migrant Workers Placement Companies (P3MI), and (ii) requiring all SSW to register for insurance covering mortality and critical illness. Based on greater strategic impact and efficiency, the paper recommends a total adjustment of the individual sending mechanism to a private-to-private model. Implementation follows a phased roadmap from 2026 to 2029, beginning with Memorandum of Cooperation (MOC) amendment, early implementation of the new mechanism, evaluation of effectiveness, and expansion of protection options. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs should engage all stakeholders to maximize protection, thereby safeguarding SSW well-being and strengthening the bilateral partnership with Japan under manpower cooperation.
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