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From resource to influence: Indonesia’s strategy in global biofuel governance
Indonesia’s position as a major producer of palm-based biofuels has yet to translate into substantial influence over global biofuel governance. Dependence on external technologies and international sustainability standards may constrain market access, competitiveness, and domestic value creation, particularly in the development of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). This paper recommends strengthening Indonesia’s engagement in the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA) to expand its role in shaping global standards. This approach should be complemented by the development of second-generation biofuels from palm residues, technology transfer, and access to green financing. Through bilateral and multilateral diplomacy led by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, alongside stronger domestic industrial and regulatory capabilities, Indonesia can progressively move beyond its role as a resource supplier toward becoming an active rule shaper in global biofuel governance.
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