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Strategic protection diplomacy: Building preventive, leverage-based, and resilient citizen protection in a fragmanted global order
Protection diplomacy is a key pillar of Indonesia’s foreign policy in safeguarding the safety and rights of Indonesian citizens abroad. Increasing cross-border mobility, geopolitical competition, weakening multilateral institutions, and the growing frequency of transnational crises have heightened the risks faced by Indonesian citizens, particularly migrant workers employed in vulnerable sectors. These developments highlight the need to transform protection diplomacy from a reactive, case-driven approach into a preventive, leverage-based, and resilient system capable of anticipating and managing crises. This paper evaluates three strategic options: continuing incremental improvements, prioritizing crisis response, and adopting a comprehensive protection diplomacy framework. The comprehensive approach is recommended through the integration of migration data, stronger governance of overseas labor placement, expanded bilateral cooperation, improved crisis preparedness through digital systems, and enhanced inter-agency coordination. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia plays a central coordinating role in implementing these measures and integrating protection diplomacy into broader foreign policy objectives. The implementation of this strategy is expected to strengthen the state’s capacity to anticipate risks, improve the effectiveness of protection for Indonesian citizens abroad, reduce reliance on emergency responses, and reinforce Indonesia’s credibility in international relations.
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