Indonesia’s growing waste generation presents significant challenges to environmental sustainability, energy security, and climate commitments. Waste-to-Energy (WtE) offers an opportunity to reduce landfill dependence and support a circular, low-carbon economy. However, fragmented governance, limited project preparation, and uneven local implementation capacity hinder the development of inves…
The increasing use of unilateral tariffs and regulatory measures by major economies creates vulnerabilities for Indonesia amid global economic uncertainty. Although Indonesia has established various international economic agreements, their effectiveness in protecting national interests and preserving policy space requires further strengthening. This paper proposes the Targeted Strategic Diversi…
The View of Indonesia Survey is an important instrument for measuring international public perceptions of Indonesia and evaluating diplomacy across 128 Indonesian overseas missions. The 2025 survey reveals an uneven national image, with the socio-cultural dimension scoring 4.50, compared with 4.11 for the economic dimension and 4.09 for governance. This paper recommends improving mission perfor…
Limited preferential trade agreement coverage and suboptimal utilization of existing agreements have prevented Indonesia from fully realizing its trade potential in South America. This situation risks sustaining dependence on traditional markets while limiting exporters’ competitiveness due to tariffs, regulatory barriers, and high logistics costs. This paper recommends a phased institutional…
The development of Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain (AIMD) raises risks of conflict escalation, miscalculation, and violations of international humanitarian law. This paper recommends a dual-track diplomatic strategy for Indonesia: promoting multilateral governance based on accountability, traceability, and meaningful human control, while advocating prohibition or strict limits on…
Artificial intelligence (AI) presents both opportunities and challenges for Indonesia’s digital economy, particularly for MSMEs and informal workers facing limited digital literacy. This paper proposes strengthening the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ role within APEC to promote human centered digital inclusion through national policy coordination, cross ministerial capacity building initiativ…
Europe’s ageing population and labour shortages create opportunities for Indonesia to expand skilled-worker placements. However, realizing this potential requires stronger vocational training, certification, legal protection, and interagency coordination. This paper recommends an Integrated National Action Plan for 2027–2036, focusing on aligning vocational education with European labour de…
The pressure driven and transactional approach of US foreign policy under Trump presents challenges to Indonesia’s strategic autonomy. This paper proposes a Strategic Transactionalism strategy to address trade pressure, diplomatic demands, and domestic polarization risks. The strategy includes a Ministry of Foreign Affairs-led coordination framework, risk monitoring, stronger ASEAN coalitions…
US-China competition over critical minerals governance creates opportunities for Indonesia to strengthen its role as a major producer of nickel and other strategic minerals. This paper proposes proactive multilateral rule-shaping through the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the establishment of the Jakarta Forum on Critical Minerals as a platform for producer-count…
Indonesia’s concentrated export markets and exposure to global economic disruptions highlight the need to diversify trade partnerships. South Africa presents an opportunity to expand Indonesia’s non-oil-and-gas exports and strengthen economic engagement with Southern Africa. This policy brief recommends a dual-track strategy that uses South Africa as a political anchor while engaging the So…