Song Shi (History of the Song Dynasty) is one of the official Twenty-Four Histories of China, compiled during the Yuan dynasty under the leadership of Toqto’a. The work records the political, cultural, economic, and military developments of the Song dynasty (960–1279), including both the Northern and Southern Song periods. Organized into annals, treatises, and biographies, the text offers d…
Jin Shi (History of the Jin Dynasty) is an official dynastic chronicle included in the Twenty-Four Histories of China. Compiled under the supervision of Toqto’a during the Yuan dynasty, the work provides a comprehensive historical account of the Jin dynasty (1115–1234). Volume 1 contains foundational materials such as imperial annals, genealogies, and early historical narratives that docume…
Song Shi (History of the Song Dynasty), Volume 5, is part of the authoritative Twenty-Four Histories compiled during the Yuan dynasty under the direction of Toqto’a. This volume continues the historical accounts and biographical narratives of the Song dynasty, covering significant political developments, key figures, cultural contributions, and administrative evolution. As a core source for C…
Song Shi (History of the Song Dynasty), Volume 6, is part of the official Twenty-Four Histories compiled under the Yuan dynasty minister Toqto’a. This volume continues the chronological and biographical records of the Song dynasty, documenting political developments, imperial administration, and notable historical figures. As one of China’s most significant classical historical works, it pr…
Song Shi (History of the Song Dynasty), Volume 8, is part of the official Twenty-Four Histories, compiled during the Yuan dynasty under Toqto’a’s leadership. This volume continues the detailed historical narrative and biographical accounts of the Song dynasty, documenting political developments, imperial administration, cultural achievements, and significant events of the period. As one of …